Sunan at-Tirmithiy كتاب الفتن باب ما جاء لا يحل دم امرئ مسلم إلا بإحدى ثلاث

حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدَةَ الضَّبِّىُّ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ أَبِى أُمَامَةَ بْنِ سَهْلِ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ بْنَ عَفَّانَ أَشْرَفَ يَوْمَ الدَّارِ فَقَالَ أَنْشُدُكُمُ اللَّهَ أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلاَّ بِإِحْدَى ثَلاَثٍ زِنًا بَعْدَ إِحْصَانٍ أَوِ ارْتِدَادٍ بَعْدَ إِسْلاَمٍ أَوْ قَتْلِ نَفْسٍ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ فَقُتِلَ بِهِ. فَوَاللَّهِ مَا زَنَيْتُ فِى جَاهِلِيَّةٍ وَلاَ فِى إِسْلاَمٍ وَلاَ ارْتَدَدْتُ مُنْذُ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَلاَ قَتَلْتُ النَّفْسَ الَّتِى حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ فَبِمَ تَقْتُلُونَنِى قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى وَفِى الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَعَائِشَةَ وَابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ. وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ فَرَفَعَهُ. وَرَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الْقَطَّانُ وَغَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فَأَوْقَفُوهُ وَلَمْ يَرْفَعُوهُ وَقَدْ رُوِىَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مِنْ غَيْرِ وَجْهٍ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ عَنِ النَّبِىِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَرْفُوعًا.
’Uthmān Ibn-’Affān came out on the Day of the House (1) and said, "I adjure you by God; do you know that the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, said, 'Shedding the blood of a Muslim is not permissible (as defined by God) except in one of three [cases]: adultery, apostasy after [embracing] Islam or killing a soul unrightfully and therefore, being executed in return'? By God, I did not commit adultery in the pre-Islamic time (2) nor after [embracing] Islam, I have not apostatized since I pledged to the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, and I have not killed the soul that God has forbidden [to be killed]. So what are you killing me for?" Footnotes: (1) This refers to the period when ’Uthmān Ibn-’Affān's house in Madīnah was under siege. In 656, a group of rebels had confined him inside his house as part of a rebellion against the Caliphate rule that started in Egypt, Basrah and Kūfah. The rebels ended up killing 'Ūthmān while he was still under siege. (2) (Jāhiliyyah) literally means ignorance and refers to the pre-Islamic pagan practices, i.e. the fragility of moral values and manners, injustice and commitment of atrocities against humans, animals and the environment. A more general meaning for (Jāhiliyyah) that applies to modern times is: A state that befalls humanity when it steers away from God’s path. Click on ḥadīth to read more